Mannitol hinders tubular reabsorption of water and enhances excretion of sodium and chloride by elevating the osmolarity of the glomerular filtrate. The bulk material should be stored in a wellclosed container in a cool, dry place. When administered intravenously mannitol is confined to the extracellular space, only slightly. In the absence of compatibility studies, this medicinal product must not be mixed with other medicinal products. Mannitol is a diuretic that is used to reduce swelling and pressure inside the eye or around the brain.
Mannitol 10% solution for infusion bp summary of product. Nurses at my institution routinely use this feature on all iv infusions to ensure that the infusion rate is assessed frequently. Monitor intake and output ratios and daily weights. Iv compatibility results are organized onto separate tabs, so that you can quickly access the route or method in which you are interested. Mannitol tablets india 20 % infusion uses, dosage, side. Mannitol solution is given into a vein to reduce the swelling.
Prevent or treat volume and electrolyte depletion by administering dilute mannitol solutions with sodium chloride added or by alternating each liter of mannitol solution with a liter of sodium chloride injection to which 40 meq of potassium chloride has been added. Nov 26, 2005 if blood is given simultaneously with mannitol, add at least 20 meq of sodium chloride to each liter of mannitol solution to avoid pseudoagglutination. Mannitol injection is for intravenous infusion preferably through a central venous catheter see warnings and precautions 5. Although starch is a cheaper source than sucrose, the transformation of starch. Mannitol ip baxter 20 % infusion uses, dosage, side. It is a supersaturated solution at room temperature.
The three studies that initially found that highdose mannitol was effective in cases of. Critical care intravenous drug administration guide. Mar 30, 2020 mannitol injection is for intravenous infusion preferably through a central venous catheter see warnings and precautions 5. The iv drug compatibility chart is based on information from the handbook of injectable drugs, 16th edition, by lawrence a. Mannitol iv 20mg100ml 100ml injection mannitol drug information. This increase in extracellular osmolarity will induce the movement of intracellular water to the extracellular and vascular space. This reference contains standard dilutions including iv admixture drug concentration, infusion volumes, and infusion rates. Mannitol may be useful clinically both as a diuretic and as an obligate extracellular solute. Mannitol 10% solution for infusion is indicated for use as an osmotic diuretic in the following situations. Package insert mannitol injection, usp, 25% description. These studies were carried out at cisplatin concentrations of 50.
Mannitol is also used to decrease intracranial pressure and brain mass with patients with swelling in the brain. Guidance on intravenous infusions medicines guidance bnf. Mannitol and sorbitol are isomers, the only difference being the orientation of the hydroxyl group on carbon 2. The addition of potassium or sodium chloride to mannitol 10% may cause precipitation of mannitol. Frequent monitoring of electrolytes levels is necessary while taking this medicine. Mannitol can be used to prevent intradialytic hypotension by raising serum osmolality. In the context of a mannitol infusion, the nurse can set the pump to stop administration after the exact amount of mannitol has been delivered. When used before or after surgery, a total dose of 1. Oct 10, 2019 mannitol injection, usp, 25%, an osmotic diuretic, is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution of mannitol in water for injection.
In addition to updating drug interactions, precautions, alerts, and patient teaching. Incompatibilities are based on meeting any of the following criteria. Trissel, fashp, 2010, american society of healthsystem pharmacists. Mannitol injection, usp is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution of mannitol mannitol mannitol injection injection in water for injection available in concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% in flexible plastic containers and 25% in a fliptop vial for administration by intravenous infusion only. Examples of incompatibility with blood include hypertonic mannitol solutions irreversible crenation of red cells, dextrans rouleaux formation and interference with. Mannitol tablets india 20 % infusion is an osmotic diuretic used to remove excess water and toxins from the body in patients with kidney disease. Know mannitol tablets india 20 % infusion uses, side effects, dosage, contraindications, substitutes, benefit. Route onset peak duration metronidazole metroenidazole.
Increased rebound swelling in the brain can occur after the treatment is stopped. Authored under the editorial authority of ahfs drug information and published by ashp, its the global gold standard for iv compatibility and stability information. Since mannitol is a sugar and it provides a sweet taste when ingested orally. Side effects, drug interactions, dosing, storage, and pregnancy safety information. On the other hand, degradation of fosinopril into a. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Monitor bp periodically in patients receiving iv digoxin. Intravenous iv preparation and infusion guidelines globalrph. It is also used in the treatment of cerebral edema. Mannitol, usp is chemically designated dmannitol c. Mannitol may obscure and intensify inadequate hydration or hypovolemia.
Water for injection, usp is chemically designated h. Sudden expansion of the extracellular volume that occurs after rapid iv mannitol may lead to fulminating chf. Mannitol intravenous mannitol injection, usp fliptop vial. Osmitrol mannitol dosing, indications, interactions. Prior to the administration of mannitol injection, evaluate renal, cardiac, and pulmonary status of the patient and correct fluid and electrolyte imbalances see dosage and administration 2. Mannitol injection is also used to reduce swelling and pressure inside the eye or around the brain. Osmitrol injection mannitol injection, usp is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution of mannitol, usp in a single dose container for intravenous administration. Ixabepilone leucovorin levoleucovorin lorazepam magnesium sulfate mannitol mechlorethamine melphalan mesna methotrexate mitomycin mitoxantrone natalizumab c ofatumumab c ondansetron oxaliplatin paclitaxel paclitaxel proteinbound a.
Mannitol is used as medicine for a variety of conditions. The objective of this investigation was to determine the physical and chemical compatibility and stability for the antineoplastic agent cisplatin in various diluents and in several largevolume infusion solutions aged in glass containers for various periods of time and then transferred through an infusion administration setup over periods of time up to 8 hr. Although virtually inert metabolically in humans, it occurs. For drug compatibility information, see compatibility under stability.
Then, 5% continuous iv infusion at a rate sufficient to maintain urine output at 150 to 500 mlhour. Mannitol osmitrol is an injection medication used for diuresis for treatment and prevention of decreased urine production in acute kidney failure. Additive compatibility drugs in syringe compatibility. Find its price or cost, dose, when to use, how to use, side effects, adverse effects, substitutes. Each monograph contains stability data, administration guidelines, and methods of preparation. It is poorly absorbed in the small intestine, so it travels to the large intestine where beneficial intestinal bacteria break it ferment into gases and shortchain fatty acids scfas, which can be absorbed and provide some.
Renal function test dose prior to initiation of treatment. Drugs az pill identifier supplements symptom checker diseases dictionary media. Drug mannitol iv 20mg100ml 100ml injection mannitol. Administer by iv infusion using an administration set with a filter. Mannitol is also used to help your body produce more urine. It is a carbohydrate, a sugar alcohol, made from fructose and hydrogen 2,3p.
This author also recommends that 45 meq of sodium chloride. Mannitol can harm your kidneys, especially if you also use certain medicines for infections, cancer, osteoporosis, organ transplant rejection, bowel disorders, or pain or arthritis including aspirin, tylenol, advil, and aleve. An acceptable daily intake of mannitol has not been specified by the who since the amount consumed as a sweetening agent was not considered to represent a hazard to health. Mar 28, 2017 mannitol 10% solution for infusion is indicated for use as an osmotic diuretic in the following situations. Mannitol ip baxter 20 % infusion is an osmotic diuretic used to remove excess water and toxins from the body in patients with kidney disease. Standard solution a and sample solution calculate the percentage of mannitol c 6h 14o 6 in the change to read. Mannitol is commonly produced via the hydrogenation of fructose, which is formed from either starch or sucrose common table sugar. Mannitol may crystallize at low temperatures so it needs to be stored in a warmer. As a diuretic it can be used to treat patients with intractable edema states, to increase urine flow and flush out debris from the renal tubules in patients with acute tubular necrosis, and to increase toxin excretion in patients with barbiturate, salicylate or bromide intoxication.
A handbook for nurses and health professionals has been a trusted resource for comprehensive drug coverage, unparalleled accuracy, and an intuitive quickaccess format. Iv fluids, such as parenteral nutrition, blood, mannitol or colloids. Because of this, it is always administered iv through a filter. Handbook on injectable drugs, 20th edition ahfs drug. Mannitol is sometimes given so that your body will produce enough urine to be. Intravenous admixtures preparation and infusion guidelines. Mannitol 20% is 20g mannitol100mls 2g10mls dosage limit of 50g on any one occasion 250mls test dose a test dose of mannitol should be given for patients with marked oliguria, or those believed to have inadequate renal function. Selected from data included with permission and ed by first databank, inc. Mannitol is a diuretic used to force urine production in people with acute sudden kidney failure.
Mannitol intravenous infusion ep 20% wv summary of product. Mannitol injection, usp, 25%, an osmotic diuretic, is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution of mannitol in water for injection. Mannitol is a six carbon sugar alcohol prepared commercially by the reduction of dextrose. Mannitol by injection national library of medicine.
Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction. Mannitol bronchitol dry powder for inhalation is recommended as an option for treating cystic fibrosis in adults. Mannitol is a type of sugar alcohol used as a sweetener and medication. Po adults 40 twice daily initially when added to regimen, v dose of other antihypertensives by 50%. Find patient medical information for mannitol 25 % intravenous on webmd including its uses, side effects and safety, interactions, pictures, warnings and user ratings. Im iv adults 2040 mg, may repeat in 12 hr and by 20 mg every 12 hr until response is obtained, maintenance dose may be given every 612 hr. As a medication, it is used to decrease pressure in the eyes, as in glaucoma, and to lower increased intracranial pressure.
Compatibility is denoted by an icon and simple description. Iv drug compatibility chart the iv drug compatibility chart is based on information from the handbook of injectable drugs, 16th edition, by lawrence a. Mannitol is a monosaccharide which is easy to produce and stable in solution. Excipient selection in parenteral formulation development. Mannitol does not significantly penetrate the brain or eye, making it an ideal agent. Osmitrol mannitol dose, indications, adverse effects. This ed material has been downloaded from a licensed data provider and. Notify health care professional if bradycardia or new arrhythmias occur.
Promotion of diuresis in the prevention andor treatment of the oliguric phase of acute renal failure before irreversible renal failure becomes established. Osmotic diuretics are nonabsorbable substances, like mannitol, that cause an increase in urination. If blood is given simultaneously with mannitol, add at least 20 meq of sodium chloride to each liter of mannitol solution to avoid pseudoagglutination. Mannitol dosage, interactions, side effects, how to use. Feb 06, 2020 mannitol may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Find patient medical information for mannitol 5 % intravenous on webmd including its uses, side effects and safety, interactions, pictures, warnings and user ratings. Mannitol definition of mannitol by medical dictionary. Visually inspect mannitol container for precipitants prior to administration. The balance of 50 g iv infusion of 20% mannitol can be administered over 1 hour. A legend at the bottom of the page lists all compatibility types, and hovering your mouse over the icon will open a popup with the full compatibility description. Mannitol intravenous mannitol injection, usp is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution of mannitol in water for injection available in a concentration of.
It may be taken orally, inhaled with a puffer or injected via an iv. Monitor ecg during iv administration and 6 hr after each dose. Mannitol also mostly passes through the intestine and is excreted in the feces as the small intestine absorbs it poorly. Amikacin, ceftriaxone, dopamine, gentamicin, granisetron. Solutions of 10% mannitol osmolality 596 mosmkg and 20% mannitol osmolality 1,192 mosmkg are commonly available for clinical use. System suitability solution definition analysis samples. Pdf drugexcipient interaction and incompatibilities. Mannitol, marketed under the brand names aridol and osmitrol, is the generic form of a prescription drug used to reduce pressure in the brain when its elevated.
Pdf excipient selection in parenteral formulation development. A 25% solution of mannitol is recommended since its effectiveness depends on establishing intravascular hyperosmolarity. Mannitol 20% is 20g mannitol 100mls 2g10mls dosage limit of 50g on any one occasion 250mls test dose a test dose of mannitol should be given for patients with marked oliguria, or those believed to have inadequate renal function. As a sweetener it is used in diabetic food as it is poorly absorbed by the intestines. Mannitol is available under the following different brand names. Jan 11, 2019 mannitol mannitol injection, solution. Handbook covers dosage, side effects, interactions, uses. A test dose of mannitol should be given for patients with marked oliguria.
104 372 694 419 359 1377 743 242 785 747 586 759 882 1016 237 1468 1263 487 251 1152 422 1050 1615 1484 1131 933 1196 1100 147 478 1065 1279 1191 175 1474 1076 125 60 61 737